Incubator.



No.' 7|4,s53'; A Patented Dec. 2,1902.

C..E. ADAIR.

INGUBATOR.4 A ,(Appucncion med (Tune 9, 1902. ma Model.) A#vz-.shers-sheef L fa* The News wrrzns co, vnumumn. wAsmNurnufu. c.

. Patfmtdl Dec. 2, |902'.

0. E. ADAIR.

INGUBATOB. l (Application -led June 9, 190245,) .um Model.)

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CHARLS E. ADAIR, OF COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO EVAN J. JONES ANDWILLIAM E. JONES, CONSTITUTING THE FIRM OF EVAN J. JONES da CO., OFCOLUMBUS, OHIO.

INCUBATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming* part Of Letters Patent NO. 714,653, datedDecember 2, 1902.

` Application led June 9, 1902. Serial No. 110,922. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. ADAIR, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Columbus, in the'county of Franklin and State ofOhio, have invented certain new and useful` Improvements in Incubators,of which the following is a specification, reference being hadtherein tothe accompanying drawings.

This invention has for its object to provide an incubator of suchconstruction that the heat will be evenly distributed therein, so thatall portions of the egg-chamber will be of uniform temperature as nearlyas possible, as also to provide means whereby a proper supply of warmfresh air may be evenly introduced into the egg-chamber, so that allparts thereof will be properly ventilated at all times.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view online 1 1, Fig. 3, of my improved incubator. Fig. 2 is a crosssection ofthe same on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 33, Fig. 1, looking down. Fig. 4t is a detail perspective view of theradiator, showing also the bottom wall of the fresh-air chambersurrounding the same.

Referring to the drawings, 12 denotes the casing of the incubator,preferably having double walls, as usual, to form a dead-air space 13between them, the casing of the incubator beingpreferably supported onlegs 14:. The apparatus is provided at one end with a heating-chamber15, which is to be warmed by any suitable device, as by a lamp 16,theescape-flue 17 of the said heating-chamber being preferably governed bya damper 1S, controlled by any suitable thermostatic` regulating device,as 19.

In the upper portion of the incubator is located a secondary heatingchamber 20, in which is a pipe 21, communicating with the primaryheating-chamber 15, said pipe 21 extending nearly the entire length ofthe said secondary heating-chamber, so as to Vdischarge the hot air andproducts of combustion into the end of the said heating-chamber farthestfrom the primary heating-chamber. The secondary heating-chamber isprovided near its 5o end farthest from that into which the hot-air pipe21 discharges with outlet-fines 22, so that the hot air and products ofcombustion from the primary heating-chamber 15 will enter the secondaryheating chamber 20 through the said pipe 21 and after circulatingthrough said chamber will be discharged therefrom through the ues 22.

` Surrounding the secondary heating-chamber 20, which serves as aradiator, is a freshair chamber 23, into which fresh ,air`- inlet pipes24: discharge. The said freshfair-inlet pipes 24C are arrangedcontiguous to the primary heating-chamber 15, so that they will bewarmed by conduction and radiation, and will therefore warm the freshairV entering therein, and thus induce an upward current of fresh airthrough the said pipes into the said fresh-air chamber 23. The bottomwall of the fresh-air chamber 23, it will be noticed, is formed byhorizontal extensions of the bottom wall of the hot-air chamber or drum20, these extensions resting upon suitable ledges on the wall of theincubator-chamber, so that when the hot-air chamber 2O is in positionthe said horizontal extensions form with the inner walls of theincubator a continuous fresh-air chamber or jacket surrounding andheated by the hot-air chamber 20. The said horizontal extensions arepro,h vided throughout with numerous small openings or perforationscommunicating with the egg-chamber 25 below and in which egg-chamberwill be located the egg tray or trays 26,

having perforated orforaminous bottoms of `wire`or any other suitableopen-work to permit a free'circulation of air downward through the saidegg-chamber into the foul-air chamber 27 underneath. The foul-airchamber 27 communicates by an opening or openings with`adischarge-chamber 29, provided at its top with asuitable opening oropenings 30 for the escape of foul air from the incubator.

From the foregoing it willbe observed'that the fresh-air chamber 23,surrounding the secondary heating-chamber or radiator 20, aifords ajacket encompassing the said secondary heating-chamber or radiator, sothat fresh air entering the saidchamber23 may be evenly warmed byradiationfrom the said secondary heating-chamber, while the nu- IOOmerous distributed or separated perforations or outlets from the bottomof the said airjacket or fresh-air chamber and which communicate withtheegg-chamber below will provide for an even distribution of warm freshair from the said fresh-air chamber to the said air-chamber such as willinsure an even temperature throughout the egg-chamber as well -as aneven and thorough ventilation of the same. By locating the fresh-airchamber 23 contiguous to the edges only of the hot-air chamber 2O thesaid hot-air chamber and the egg-chamber 25 beneath it are adjacent,withnothing intervening except the bottom wallof the said hot-air chamber.The result of this arrangement is that the radiation of heat from thehot-air chamber 2O is directly into the egg-chamber 25 and thetemperature of the egg-chamber can be more equably maintained than isthe case where the fresh-air chamber with its inflowing currents of coolair is interposed between the hot-air chamber and the egg-chamber, as insome constructionswith which I am familiar.

My invention is not to be understood as being limited to the details ofconstruction herein shown, as these may be varied widely within thelimits of mechanical skill without departing from the essential featureof the invention, which provides a fresh-air chamber surrounding theradiator or heating-chamber of the incubator and which fresh-air chambercommunicates throughout its length .with the air-chamber of theincubator by means of numerous distributed perforations or openings withwhich the bottom Wall of the said fresh-air chamber is provided.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patentl. In an incubator, the combination with an egg-chamberhaving a foul-air exit, of a hot-air chamber directly over and adjacentsaid egg-chamber so as to radiate heat directly thereinto, supply andexit vpipes for said hot-air chamber, a continuous fresh-air chambercontiguous to the edges only of said hot-air chamber so as to form anedge-surrounding jacket therefor,said fresh-air chamber having itsbottom wall perforated at intervals with numerous distributing-aperturesopening into the said egg-chamber and distributing fresh, warmed airevenly throughout the same, and fresh-air inlets for said continuousfresh-air chamber. a v

2. In an incubator; the combination with an egg-chamber; of a hot-airchamber above said egg-chamber, the bottom wall of said hotair chamberbeing extended horizontally bevond the vertical side walls thereof so asto form, with the incubator-walls, a continuous air chamber or jacketsurrounding and heated by said hot-air chamber; the said bottom- Wallextensions having numerous distributed perforations delivering into theegg-chamber hot-air supply and exit pipes forsaid hot-air chamber, andfresh-air-supply pipes for said continuous air-chamber.

3. A heating chamber or drum for incubators having its bottomwall'extended beyond its vertical side walls, said bottom-wallextensions being provided at intervals with perforations.

4. In an incubator, the combination with an egg-chamber having afoul-air exit, of a primary heating-chamber located at one end of theincubator, a secondary heating-chamber or radiator located in the upperportion of the incubator and communicating with the said primaryheating-chamber by a pipe which discharges into the said secondaryheatingchamber at or near the end thereof farthest removed from saidprimary heating-chamber, said secondary heating-chamber being directlyover and adjacent said egg-chamber so as to radiate heat directlythereinto, discharge-fines from said secondary heatingchamber to theopen air, a continuous freshair chamber contiguous to the edges only ofsaid secondary heating-chamber and forming an edge-inclosing jackettherefor, said freshair chamber having its bottom wall provided withperforations or openings forming numerous distributed points of communication with said egg-chamberwhereby the fresh warmed air isdistributed evenly throughout said eggchamber, and vertical fresh-airpipes opening at their tops into said fresh-air chamber and disposedadjacent the said primary heatingchamber, so as to be heated therefrom.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES E. ADAIR.

Witnesses:

J. W. MooNEY, A. N. J oNEs.

IOO

